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Title
WSP - Rural Piped Water Supplies in
Ethiopia, Malawi and Kenya:
Community Management
and Sustainability
Abstract
Large piped water supplies constitute a viable and cost-effective form of water supply in developing
countries. The technical aspects of constructing them are well known, and the techniques for communities
to manage them have become established and accepted.
This Field Note looks at large-scale community-managed piped water supplies in three countries
(Ethiopia, Malawi, and Kenya) where such supplies have been successfully implemented for many years. It
concentrates on the long-term sustainability of the service provided by such schemes; given its length, it
does not claim to analyse the whole subject of community management.
The principles of community management are applied differently in the three countries. However, their
experiences yield several clear conclusions regarding sustainability. First, social cohesion gives rise to the
clarity of purpose and sense of ownership that ensure sustainability. Secondly, sound financial management,
including the authority to set tariffs, the use of metering and sanctions against non-payers, is important for
financial sustainability. Thirdly, the viability of community management systems improves if they have paid
staff, good training for the community members and the management committees, and access to technical
and professional support when needed.
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